In 1989, a landmark legal case developed when George Franklin was charged and convicted in 1990 for the rape and murder of 8-year-old Susan Kay Nason on September 22, 1969, based on the account of his daughter, Eileen Franklin's recovered memories. Starting in the 1980s, repressed memory legal cases increased rapidly. Michelle Remembers (1980), a discredited book by Canadian psychiatrist Lawrence Pazder and his wife/former patient Michelle Smith about Smith's fabricated experiences with repressed memories of childhood Satantic rituals and abuse, gained widespread popularity that persisted after debunking, influenced subsequent claims, and received promotion from media including Oprah, Geraldo Rivera, Sally Jesse Raphael, and 20/20. Coming to be labelled The Recovered Memory Movement and Memory Wars or The Memory War, it became a major issue in pop culture during the 1980s and 1990s, connected to Satanic panic, and spawned a myriad of legal cases, controversies, and media. The concept received renewed interest in the 1970s in relation to child sexual abuse and incest. She is reported to have gained slight mobility on her right side. The painful memories had separated from her consciousness and brought harm to her body. Freud stated her symptoms to be attached to psychological traumas.
Among her many ailments, she had stiff paralysis on the right side of her body.
One of the studies published in his essay involved a young woman by the name of Anna O. Sigmund Freud discussed repressed memory in his 1896 essay, The Aetiology of Hysteria. It has provided the theoretical basis for 'recovered memory therapy'-the worst catastrophe to befall the mental health field since the lobotomy era." History Clinical psychologist Richard McNally stated: "The notion that traumatic events can be repressed and later recovered is the most pernicious bit of folklore ever to infect psychology and psychiatry. ĭue to a lack of evidence for the concept of repressed and recovered memories, mainstream clinical psychologists have stopped using these terms. Subsequent accusations based on such "recovered memories" led to substantial harm of individuals implicated as perpetrators, sometimes resulting in false convictions and years of incarceration. Historically, some psychoanalysts provided therapy based on the belief that alleged repressed memories could be recovered, however, rather than promoting the recovery of a real repressed memory, such attempts could result in the creation of entirely false memories. While the concept of repressed memories persisted through much of the 90's, insufficient support exists to conclude that memories can become inconspicuously hidden in a way that is distinct from forgetting. Sigmund Freud initially claimed the memories of historical childhood trauma could be repressed, while unconsciously influencing present behavior and emotional responding he later revised this belief.
Repressed memory is presently considered largely unsupported by research. The concept originated in psychoanalytic theory where repression is understood as a defense mechanism that excludes painful experiences and unacceptable impulses from consciousness. Repressed memory is a controversial, and largely scientifically discredited, psychiatric phenomenon which involves an inability to recall autobiographical information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature. See also: Repression (psychoanalysis), Recovered-memory therapy, and Freud's seduction theory
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